What You Need to Know:

Measles is a highly contagious viral infection, currently causing outbreaks in the U.S. Recent reports suggest people are using Vitamin A or Cod Liver Oil to prevent measles infection. The best way to prevent measles is through the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine.¹ For patients with measles, particularly hospitalized children, vitamin A supplementation is recommended to help reduce the risk of severe complications. Before administering Vitamin A supplements, or any other herbs or supplements, consult a healthcare provider.

America’s Poison Centers is monitoring the National Poison Data System (NPDS) for cases of Vitamin A toxicity. Between January 1 and March 31, 2025, there have been 86 pediatric Vitamin A exposures reported to U.S. Poison Centers representing a 38.7% increase compared to the same period in 2024. However, despite the rise in case numbers, there has been no increase in the severity of poisoning, with no major effects reported in 2025. Not all exposures result in illness or poisoning. Additionally, the Vitamin A exposures tracked in NPDS could also come from cosmetic Vitamin A products, such as retinol.

Risks of Vitamin A Misuse:

While vitamin A is generally safe, taking excessive amounts can lead to poisoning. Symptoms include:

• Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain
• Headache due to intracranial pressure
• Bone pain
• Vision changes
• Liver damage

Key Takeaways:

• The best prevention against measles is vaccination with the MMR vaccine.
• Vitamin A is a key part of the treatment for measles but must be used carefully under medical supervision.
• Overuse of vitamin A can cause serious toxicity.
• Contact Poison Help at 1-800-222-1222 or PoisonHelp.org if you suspect an overdose or have concerns.

For more information on measles, vaccination, and vitamin A supplementation, visit PoisonHelp.org.

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About Measles. Measles (Rubeola). March 12, 2025. Accessed April 3, 2025. https://www.cdc.gov/measles/about/index.html